What methods of prevention and treatment have been introduced to control microbial diseases.
- immunization (e.g., vaccination)
- antisepsis (procedures to eliminate or reduce the possibility of infection)
- chemotherapy treatment of the patient with chemicals)
- public health measures (e.g., water purification, sewage disposal, and food preservation)
What were called vaccine and vaccination by Pasteur?
He called the attenuated cultures of bacteria, vaccine (a term derived from the Latin Vacca, “cow”) and immunization with attenuated cultures of bacteria, vaccination.
How cell walls of archaeobacteria are different from eubacteria?
Cell walls of archaeobacteria do not contain peptidoglycan. Their cell walls are composed of proteins, glycoproteins and polysaccharides.
What are nucleoid? or Define nucloeoid?
The nuclear material or DNA in bacterial cells is a single, circular and double stranded. It aggregates as an irregular shaped dense area called nucleoid or chromatin body.
What do you know about the spores of bacteria?
Certain species of bacteria produce spores, either external to the vegetative cells (exospores – bacteria rarely produce exospores, it is the characteristic of fungi) or within the vegetative cells (endospores). Spores are resistant to adverse physical environment condition such as light, high temperature, desiccation, pH and chemical agents.
Differentiate between parasitic and saprophytic bacteria.
Parasitic bacteria are fully dependent on their host for their nutrition whereas saprophytic bacteria are those which get their food from dead organic matter.